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Second Department of Polish General Staff
The Second Department of Polish General Staff (Polish: Oddział II Sztabu Generalnego Wojska Polskiego, also called Dwojka) was a department of the Polish General Staff in the Second Polish Republic. It was responsible for military intelligence, counterintelligence, cryptography, analysys of foreign military forces and foreign affairs of the Polish Army. It existed from 1918 until 1939.
== Beginnings of military intelligence in the Second Polish Republic ==
First intelligence units were formed soon after the creation of the General Staff of the Polish Army (General Tadeusz Rozwadowski). In mid-October 1918, the ''Information Department of the General Staff'', as it was called, was formed under Major Mieczysław Mackiewicz. It handled both offensive and defensive intelligence services, evidence and military ciphers. Until ca. 1921, Polish military used the word “defensive”, while describing intelligence. Due to various political events, changes in the organizational structure of the General Staff in the early 1920s were frequent.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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